Sanding machine



April 15 g 1924. 1,49%31 C. L. NEWKIRK ET AL SANDING MACHINE Filed Nov.'27, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 a yg 9W 5 WRNE y.

Apfil] 15 1924.

WW K, sv gfig d may 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 SANDING MACHINE C. L. NEWKIRK ETAL.

Filed Nov. 27 1920 and oil or ot Patented Apr. 15, 1924.

UNITED STATES 1,490,631 PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES L. NEWKIRK AND SCOTT MOGOWAN, OI DAYTON, OH IO, ASSIGNORS TO THECRAWFORD, MOGREGO'B AND CANDY COKYANY, OI DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORA- DIONOI OHIO.

sa mmo MACHINE Application and llbvember 27, 1920. ser al n. 426,750.

To all whom it may oonoem:

Be it known that we, CHARLES L. NEW- KIRK and Scorr McGowan, bothcitizens of the United States, residing at De on, in the county ofMontgomery and tate of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Sanding Machines, of which the followin is aspecification.

My invention re ates to improvements in rubbing and polishing machmesfor rods, and is particularly adapted for sanding, rubbing and polishingwooden rods, such as golf club handle sha ts, billiard cues, chairstocks, bro'om handles and other like articles, but may also be employedfor finishing or olishing metal articles, especially wherein ighlypolished surfaces are desired, particularly after being plated.

The object of the invention is to simplify the structure as well as themeans and mode of operation of such machines whereby they will not onlybe cheapened in construction, but will be efiicient in use, positive inoperation, automatic in action, uniform in result, and unlikely to getout of repair.

In the finishing of golf club handle shafts,

billiard cues and like articles, it is customary after turning orotherwise shaping the shaft or red to reduce a smooth surface by rubbingit with sand paper, or other abrasives, thereafter applyin successivecoats of filler material, and she lac, varnish, or other surfacingmaterial, rubbing the surface briskl after each coat, with umice herdressing, and final polishing the finished product by rubbing it dry, orwith oil, to frictionally induce a highly polished surface. Theseoperations have usually been performed by hand, and involve great laborand expenditure of muscular efi'ort. Not only is the hand process slow,but the resulting dust is disagreeable and injurious to the workman,which together with excessive muscular effort required makesit difficultto secure and retain competent workmen, to perform the necessary handoperations. It is difiicult to secure uniform surfaces by manualoperation, since there is a tendency to rub the rod or handle shaft morevigorousl at one point than at another, thereby pro ucing flattened orirregular surfaces.

The present invention is designed to overcome these difficulties byproviding means i for actuating the rod or handle shaft uniformly bothas to longitudinal and rotary. movement, and to apply equal and uniformpressure thruout the entire stroke.

. A further object ofthe invention is to provldc means for automaticallY actuating the rod or handle shaft operate upon thru successiveoscillatory steps alternating with its reclprocatory movement, and to.insure the successive rubbing or polishing stroke to .be effected thruuniform range or extent of parts and combinations thereof, and the modeof operation or their equivalents as hereinafter described and set forthin the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a top plan view of an assembledrubbing machine embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is a sideelevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a detail end view of the rubbing andmaterial feeding apparatus. .Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the workengaging or pressure applyingjaws. Fig. 5 is a detail view of themtermattently operated work rotating means, disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2.Fig. 6 is a detail view of a modification of this rotating means.

Like .parts are indicated by similar charactors of reference throughoutthe several v1ews.

In the preferred, but not necessarily the only embodiment of theinvention, as disclosed in the drawings, 1 is a main frame or table, inthis instance of wooden construction, upon which the operating parts ofthe apparatus are mounted. Transversely arranged at one end of the mainframe or table is a power shaft 2, carrying at one end a drive ulley 3,and at its opposite end a disc 4 aving a wrist or crank pm 5 to which isconnected a pitman or connecting rod 6. At its opposite end the pitmanor connected l ingly held in posits endof the actuating ings 8 for thereciprocatory shaft 7, there is located a ratchet wheel 1O, which issplined upon'theshaft 9 for rotary movement therewith, but the shaft iscapable of independent reciprocatory movement thru the ratchet wheel10.v This ratchet wheel 10 may be mounted in any suitable manner topermit its rotary movement, but prevent axial movement with the shaft 7.In the present instance, the ratchet wheel has been shown provided witha peripheral groove 11, in which engagefingers or do 12, secured to thebearing 8. It is obvious that other methods of mounting this ratchetwheel may be employed. In this instance, the ratchet wheel is providedwith serrations, or ratchet teeth upon its lateral face. Theseserrations or teeth are engaged by a pawl-13, ivotally mounted upon oneendof an osci atory actuating lever 14, which in turn is pivoted to theto of a pedestal carried by the main rame 1. The pawl 13 is actuated bya retracting spring 16- into engagement with the ratchet teeth of thewheel 10 at all. times. The opged b 7 lever 1114 is ena y a cam 1 carrieupon t e rive s haft 2, with which the lever 14 is yieldengagement by aretracting spring 18. a, I

It will be obvious that as the drive shaft 2 is rotated the shaft 7 willbe reciprocated to and fro thru the bearin 8, b means of the pitman 6,connected to t e wrist pin 5, upon the disc 4 and ateach rotation of thedrive.

shaft and consequently each reciprocation of the shaft 7, the cam member17 will enga the end of the lever 14, to oscillate suc actuating levercausing thepawl 13 to advance the ratchet wheel 10 thru a partialrotation thereby rotating the shaft 7 within .the bearing 8, and in theswivel head 9, in

7 addition to its reciprocatory movement.

' At its end the reciprocatory shaft 7 carries a chuck or work holder19, which may be of any suitable or convenient type.- The rod or handleshaft 20 operated upon is engaged a in this chuck or work holder 19, andis reciprocated and rotated in unison with the shaft 7. v

Adjustably mounted upon the main frame 1, beyondthe end of the shaft 7,is a longitudinally adjustable carria 21, the adjustment of which isefiect by an adjusting screw 22. This carriage 21 com rises a frameslidintily mounted upon guides or ways 23, on frame 1, which are engaged.closed between such jaws.

- necte causing it to bear firml 'upo by a le bearings 24, secured tothe underside 0 the carriage, which serve to keep the carriage alinedwith the main frame, andthe guides or hearing 23 thereon. Mounted uponthis carriage 21 are one or more work engaging bodies which in thisinstance are shown as two relatively adjustable jaws 25 and 26. In thepresent instance tw o. airs of these work engaging jaws have 11 shown. IIt is obvious, however, that more or less of these work engaging membersmay beemployed, de ending upon the length of the rod or sha is operatedupon, and the efiective length of the stroke, of the reciproeatingmeans. In the present instance the lower jaw 25 is stationarily mountedu n the carriage 21, while the upper jaw 2 is pivoted in cars or fin rs27 projectin upwardly from the statlonary jaw 25. see relativelyadjustable jaws 25 and 26 are provided with re istering grooves in theiradjacent faces, t ru which the. rod or handle.

shaft 20 operated upon extends. These grooves, preferably though notnecessarily are padded or provided with some resilient or yieldingcushion 28, substantially surrounding the rod or handle shaft 20enpivotall mounted jaw 26 is yieldingly drawn ownward by means ofL-shaped bars 29, pivoted at 30 on opposite sides of the a justable jawmember, and extending downwardl below the carriage 21, where the ends ofsuch links or bars 29 are interconnected by a transverse rod 31, towhich is connected one end of a helical retracting spring 32, theopposite end of which is conto the downwardly extending arm 33, carriedupon the carriage 21. By this means the springs 32, exert a constantpull upon the upper or adjustable "jaw member 26,

n the interposed rod or handle sha 20, but enabling 1t to yield againstthe tension of the spring 32, to compensate for enlar ement orvariations of diameter of them 20. Toinsure the registry of the jaws 25and 26 when closed upon the interposed rod or handle The upper or shaft20, and to prevent their lateral displacement, the lower. jaw, 26 isprovided with upward'extending guide fingers 34, be-

tween which the upper or movable jaw member 25 extends when in closedrelation.

Interposed between the yielding pressure members or jaws 25 and 26, areoppositely ward the other, andtoward the rod. Such material is firmlypressed upon the work by the pressure of the work engaging jaws, and

' I20 dis osed sheets of work treating material,v

conforms to variations of size or diameter thru the yielding of the jaw25 and the interposed cushions surrounding the rod or shaft within theregistering channels or grooves of the engaging members. As the rod orhandle shaft is reciprocated to and fro, intermediate such work treatingmaterial, such as sandpaper or fabric charged with pumice or pohshingmaterial, it is r0- tated thru successive artial rotations, whereby thesurface is uniformly treated by being sanded, rubbed or polishedaccording to the material employed.

In applying stainor other liquid polish, a reservoir or container 35 maybe mounted upon the carriage 31 as shown in Fig. 3, and a supply conduit36 provided leading from said reservoir or chamber thru a passage-way 37in the stationary jaw or work engaging body 25, and discharging thru thecushion within the rod receiving groove of the jaw, which in thisinstance would be of porous material. There will thus be afforded aconstant supply of stain or liquid finishing or polishing material,automatically distributed and applied by rubbing,

as the rod or handle shaft is reciprocated thru the relatively movablejaws, and rotated during its reciprocatory movement.

To retract the movable ressure member or jaw 26, against thetenslon ofits spring 32, to enable the removal of a finished job and the insertionof a succeeding article to be operated upon, the carriage 21 is providedwith uprights or standards 38, in the top of which is journalled a rockshaft 39. The rock-shaft 39 carries rock arms 40, one for each pair ofwork engaging members or jaws. A link 41 connects the movable jaw 26with the corresponding rock arm 40 upon the shaft 39. The shaft 39 isoscillated by means of a hand lever 42, thereby turning the rock arm 40upwardly and rearwardly and drawing the adjustable pressure member orjaw 26 rearwardly about its pivotal connection. The rock arm 40 iscapable of being moved slightly beyond a dead center, whereby the jaw orpressure member 26 will be held in its retracted position. This enablesthe work to be con- -veniently inserted and removed and the sheet ofabrasive or polishing material to be adjusted in relation with the workto present unworn surfaces to each succeeding piece of work. Forconvenience the jaws or pressure members 25 and 26 have been providedwith inturned ears or fingers 43, ad jaoent to their forward or freeedges, beneath which the sheets or strips of abrasive or polishing orother work treating material is engaged, whereby such sheets of materialare automatically separated, by tht retraction of the pressure or jawmembel 26, and are held in such separated relation while the rod orshaft is being removed and a new one replaced between such sheets ofmaterial. For ordinary operation, these sheets or strips of worktreating material whether of polishing or abrasive character may bemanually adjusted as frequently as they may become worn to presentunworn surfaces to the work. However, there has been shown in Fig. 3means for automatically feeding such sheets or strips of abrasive orpolishin material. In this ,view, two rolls 45 an 46 of work treatingmaterial have been shown mounted in a suitable bracket 47 extendingrearwardly from the carriage 21. The material is wound upon such rollswith its abrasive or work engaging surface outwardly, and so positionedin the support 47 that as the sheets are unwound, the work engagingsurfaces of the treating material will face'one toward the other. Thesheets or strips of work treating material pass from the res ectiverolls 45 and 46 in contact one with t e other, thru feeding rolls 48 and49, journalled in the upright or standards 38 upon the carriage 21.Secured to the trunnion shaft of one of these feed rollers 49 is aratchet wheel 50. Pivoted upon such trunnion shaft adjacent to theratchet wheel is an operating lever 51 carrying a pawl 52 engaging withthe ratchet wheel 50. This operating lever 51 is interconnected by alink 53 with the adjustable work engaging member 26, whereby at eachretraction of the pivoted pressure member 26 under the influence of thelink 41 and rock shaft 39, the operating lever 51 will be oscillatedthru the link 53 to transmit to the feed roller 49 a partial rotation,whereby the strip of working treating material of abrasive or polishingcharacter will be automatically advanced from the supply rolls 45 and 46intermediate such feed rolls 48 and 49, and between the ressure membersor work engaging mem ers 25 and 26, in relation with which they areguided by the inturned guide fingers 43. Thus at each retraction of thework engaging or pressure applying members to insert a new piece ofwork, the work treating material is automatically advanced a shortlength sufiicient to present an unworn surface at the point ofoperation.

It will be understood that when the ap- I sha t 7.' As the shaft 7approaches the fori the invention has been described in language wardlimit of its stroke, the cone, shaped camshead 58 engages the lateralextension of the arm 55, thereby oscillating such arm about its pivotalconnection, with the bracket 56 and causing the pawl 57 to advance theratchet wheel thru a partial rotation, To support the extremity of theac tuating lever 14, and revent undue v1- bration, the end of the everis preferaltzlg thou h not necessarily mountedin a slot orrbifurcatedguide head 59, .mounted on the frame 1 adj a'cent to the ratchet wheel10.

In Fig.- 2, there has been shown a suetion or exhaust conduit 65),having a plurality ofbranches 61, provided with intakes 62, adjacent tothe point of operation, upon the handle shaft or red. By inducing asuction draft thru this conduit by means of a suitable fan, all dust andparticles removed by the abrasive will be automatically with drawn,thereby protecting the health and comfort of the workman. From the abovedescription it will apparent that thereisthus provided a device ofthecharacter described possessing the particular features of advantabefore enumerated as desirable, but which obviously is susceptible ofmodification in its form, proportlons, detail construction andarrangement of parts without departing from the principle involved orsacrificing an of itsadvantages;

l Vhile in order to' comply with the statute more or less specific as tostructural features, it is to' be "understood that the invention is notlimited tq the specific details shown, but that the means andconstruction herein disclosed'comp'rise but one of 'sev-' scribed, ashaft, means for transmitting to eral modes of putting the inventioninto effect, and the invention is therefore claimed in any of its formsor modifications i-within the legitimate and valid scope of the aptpended claims.

Having thus described our invention, we claim: A

. 1. In a machine of the character dosaid shaft bothreciprocatory andriotar movement, means for en gmg the-{,Wo

- with said shaft,'and a pa r of jawsi ield- 'inglly engaging the workbetween-whit: the

wor is reciprocated and rotated by the actuation of said shaft.

2. In a rod rubbing and polishing machine of the character described, awork engaging member having opposing relatively movable work treatingfaces engaging the work throughout substantially its entire peripheryand compensating by their relative movementfor variations of thicknessof the werk, means for reciprocating the work to and from in relationwith said en' frame, a rotary drive shaft and a recipro catory shaftmounted thereon at right angles to each other, a crank carried by thedrive shaft, a pitman connecting the crank and reciprocatory shaft, aswivel head affording a connection between the itman and thereciprocatory shaft where y the said shaft may be rotated independent ofits reciprocatory movement, a ratchet wheel splined upon thereciprocatory shaft through which the shaft reclprocates, an actuatingpawl engaging the ratchet wheel and means for intermlttently actuatinthe awl to advance the ratchet wheel an sha thru successive partialrotations, a work holding chuck carried by the reciprocatory shaft andwork treating means engaging the ro carried in said chuck.

5. In a rod rubbing and polishing machine of the'character, described, areciprocato shaft capable of rotary movement in a dition to itsreciprocatory movement, means for reciprocatin the shaft and means forintermittently osci ating the shaft thru partial rotations; a'work engaing body yieldingly surroundin the rof operated upon, one of said \memrs being carried by- ,the reciprocatoit'ly shaft and the other beingchine of the character described, a work 1 treating body engaging the.rod operated upon, and means for rotating and reciprocatin one of said:members in relation with the ot er including a recipiocatory shaft onwhich" one of, said mem rs ratchet wheel splined upon the shaft forrotary movement therewlth but independent of which the shaftreciprocates, an actuating awl for the ratchet wheel, and means carriedupon the "shaft for intermittently actuating the pawl.

7. In a rod rubbing and polishing machine of the character described, awork treating body engaging the rod operated upon, and means forintermittently rotating one of said members and means for reciprocatingone of said members intermediate the operation of said. rotating meansis carrie a including a reciprocatory shaft on which one of said membersis carried, a ratchet wheel ,splined upon the shaft for rotary movementtherewith but independent of which the shaft reci rocates, a pawlengaging the ratchet whee an actuating lever by which the pawl iscarried and a cam member moving in unison with the reciprocatory shaftengaging the actuating lever at a predetermined point in the path oftravel of the reciprocatory shaft to effect a artial rotation of theshaft by means of said pawl and ratchet wheel.

8. In a rod rubbing and polishing machine of the character described, awork treating body yieldingly surrounding the rod operated upon, andmeans for rotating and reciprocating one of said members in relationwith the other inc'ludin a reciprocatory shaft upon which one 0 saidmembers is carried, and means for oscillating the shaft and recirocating the shaft intermediate such osci lations.

9. In a rod rubbin and polishi machine of the character ascribed, a worsupport capable of transmitting to the rod opera'ted upon .bothreciprocatory and oscillatory movement, a pair 0 relatively movable jawsieldingly actuated one toward the other, tween which the rod is moved,said jaws having facings of work treating material.

10. In a rod rubbin and olishin machine of the character ascribe a worsupport capable of transmitting to the rod operated upon bothreciprocatory and oscillatory movement, and a stationa work-engagingbody surrounding thero and havmg a work treating inner face.

11. In a rod rubbin and olishin -machine of the character escribe a worsupport capable of transmitting to the rod operated upon bothreciprocatory and oscillatory movement, and a yielding work engaggagingthe rod upon opposite sides and having a work treating face in relationwith which the rod is reciprocated and rotated and resilient meanstendingto press said blocks one toward the other .to enga e the rodthercbetween, against which the blocks are capable of spreading movementto compegsate for variations of diameter of the ro 13. In a rod rubbingand polishing machine of the character described, a work support capableof transmitting to the rod operated upon both reciprocatory andoscillatory movement, a retractable presser member bearing upon saidrod, a strip of work treating material interposed between the rod andpresser member, and means for automatically advancing the said strip of'material by the retraction of the presser member.

14. In a rod rubbing and olishin machine of the character describe ,awor support capable of transmitting to the rod operated upon bothreciprocatory and oscillatory movement, a work engaging bod movable intoand out of engagement wit the rod operated upon, a strip of worktreating material interposed between the said en aging body and the rod,and automaticalf y operated feeding means to intermittently present afresh surface of the work treating material to the rod.

- 15. In a rod rubbin and olishin machine of the character escribe a worsupport capable of transmitting to the rod operated uponbothreciprocatory and oscillatory movement, a supporting carriageadjustable axially in re ation with the rod, a work en aging bodycarried by said carriage and having a work treating face in relationwith which the rod is longitudinally and revolubly movable, said workengaging body being adjustable to. difi'erent oints in the range ofmovement of the rod y the adjustment of said carriage.

In testimony 7 hereof, we have hereunto set'our hands this 9th day ofNovember A. D. 1920.

ES L. N'EWKIRKQ SCOTT McGOWA I y witn;

H B Cm!

